Sync latest Python releases (#16157)

Pick up python-build-standalone tag 20251007 to add 3.14.0 final
and 3.13.8, and adjust tests.

Also, fix matching version requests with prereleases: `uvx
python@3.14.0rc3` should not be satisfied by 3.14.0 final.

Co-authored-by: Geoffrey Thomas <geofft@ldpreload.com>

crates/uv-python/src/discovery.rs

@@ -2770,8 +2770,8 @@ impl VersionRequest {
             ),
             Self::MajorMinorPrerelease(self_major, self_minor, self_prerelease, _) => {
                 // Pre-releases of Python versions are always for the zero patch version
-                (*self_major, *self_minor, 0) == (major, minor, patch)
-                    && prerelease.is_none_or(|pre| *self_prerelease == pre)
+                (*self_major, *self_minor, 0, Some(*self_prerelease))
+                    == (major, minor, patch, prerelease)
             }
         }
     }